Improvement in paper-bag machines



9 Sheets--Sheet 1.

C. G. BIEDINGER.

Paper-Bag Machines.

N0 148 280 Patented Marchl0,1874.

9 Sheets--Sheet 2 C. E. BIEDINGEN.

Paper-Bag Machines. No.148280, Patented March I0. 1874.

n V8 D O h 9 Sheets--Sh'ee 3. C. G. BIEDINGER.

Paper-Bag Machnas. No. 148,280. Patented Mafchzo,1374.

VGDOD f 45%;

9 Sheets-Sheet 4.

C. G. BIEDINGER. Paper-Bag Machin Patented March i0, 1874.

No.l48,280.

9 Sheets--Sheet 5.

C. G. BIEDINGER. Paper-Bag Machines.

Patented March 10. 1874.

9SheetsSheet7. C. G. BIEDINGER.

Paper-Bag Machines.

Patented March l0. 1874.

9Sheets--Sheet9- C. G. BIEDINGER. Paper-Bag Machines. No.l48.280 Paxemed March1o.1874.

UNITED STATES PATENT EEIGE CHARLES G. BIEDINGEN, OF CINCINNATI, OIIIO.

IMPROVEMENT IN PAPER-BAG MACHINES.

Specification forming part ofLetters Patent No. 148,280, dated March 10, 1874; application tiled July 1E), 1873.

To all whom it may concern:

13e i't known that I, CHARLEs Gr.1SiEDiN- GER, of Cincinnati, lIan'iilton coulity, State of Chio, have invented a certain new and useful Machine for Making laper Bags, of which the following is a speeitcation:

My invention relates to the class of niachiiies designed to manufacture the style or kind of paper bags known to the trade as satchel-bottoni, for Hour-sacks and general use 5 and inyinveiitioii consists ofthe provision of peculiarly constructed and operating mechanism at the different stages of the formation of the bag, which may be enumerated as vfollows: First, in combination with cutting-ottl shears and a paper roll for the supply of the machine, of feed-rolls so constructed and operating that they have a uniform speed while feeding, but are operated so as to stop instantly to permit the cutting-otfshears to pass through the paper and back before the feeding is resumed; second, of a tube-forming skeleton cylinder so fitted with two pairs of nippers and series of eccentric rollers that the edge of the paper is grasped from the feed-rollers by each pair of nippers alternately, and carried around it so that a tube is formed thereby, the curvature being` in the direction of the fiber of the paper, and whenformed and pasted the tube is released so as to permit the action of gravitation to carry the tube to the bottom-folding devices, the releasing being accomplished by automatic devices acting to decrease the radial distance of the carrying-rollers, in this cylinder, from the axis of the cylinder in propertime; third, in combination with this f1)ruling-cylinder ot' a fountain pasting-cylinder operating in such a way as to apply the paste to the tiap of the tube as it is wound around by the forming-cylinder; fourth, ot' a combination of a vertical suspended guide inside the tube with feeding-belts upon the outsides of the same, whereby the tube of paper is delivered in proper shape to the bottomfolding devices, the guide having' in its interior a hollow plunger, serving to apply the paste to and crease the seams of the satchel-bottoni fifth, of peculiar mechanism whereby the feeding-belts are moved to and from contact with the guide, so as to open a space for the reception of the tube of paper between them, and to permit the timing of the feed; sixth, in connection with the guide for the tube of paper, of spring-fingers acting to spread the tube fiat for proper delivery to the bottom-folding devices, and assist in the bottom folding; seventh, of a pair of peculiarly formed and operating revolving seaming or folding cams and elastic delivering -rolls, whereby, in combination with side folders and pasting-plungers, the Satchel-bottom seam; are completely folded, pasted, and the finished bag delivered; eighth, of a peculiar formation of the revolving bottom-seaniing cams; ninth, in connection with the hollow pasting-1ilunger, of a cam, levers, and side rods for giving the proper reciprocating motion to the plunger in proper time forpasting and folding the bottom seams; tenth, of a device for operating the delivery-rollers so as to enable them to stop in proper time for the folding of the bottom seams upon them, and move at proper time for the delivery of the finished bag; eleventh, in connection with the delivering-rol1ers and folding-cams, ot a reciprocating knife operating to crease and double up in the proper central line the Satchel-bottoni for the folding of the iiaps over in the act of passing' through the delivering-iollers, so that the bags are delivered with the bottoms doubled together, as shown in progress in Fig. l1, for convenient printing, package, and shipment; twelfth, ot' the provision of a pair of rollers between the forming-cylinder and feed-roller, which pei'- forms the double function of properly presenting the paper to the nippers of the forminging cylinder and to press the side seam of the tube down after it is pasted; thirteenth, of the combination of cain-collars on ends of the folding-cams, loose pulleys, or idlei's on the ends of the delivering-rtdlers, and weight or spring devices, which serve to preserve the deliverin g-roller at the proper distances from the folding-cams; fourteenth, of a combination of lever, cam, and spring devices for giving the necessary motion to the side folders of the bottom seaming or folding devices.

Figure 1 is a section through the center of the machine vertically. `ig. 2 is a side elevation upon one side ofthe machine. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the opposite side of machine. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the mechanism for forming the bottom ofthe sack or bag. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a portion of the mechanism for forming the bottom, showing the devices in the act of forming the preliminary folds of the satchcl-bottom. Fig. (i is a vertical section through the cams for forming the bottom of the bag, in connection with the pasting-plunger and discharging rollers, in position for the commencement of theformation of the side flaps of the bottom. Fig. T is a similar section, exhibiting` the parts in a more advanced stage for the formation of the bottom tiaps. Fig. S is a section of same parts, showing the pasting-plunger in the act of rising to enable the foldingcams to turn over the side iaps of the bottom. Fig. 9 shows, in section, the same parts, with the plunger elevated and the folding-cams in the act of folding over the side ilaps of the bottom of the bag, and a new tube being passed down over the stationary guide to take the place of the bag just being completed. Fig. 1t) is a similar section of the same parts, exhibitin g 011e of the folding-cams in the act of pressing the side iaps of the bottom of the bag together, preparatory to their being doubled up for delivery through the discharging-rollers. Fig. 11 is avertical section through one of the folding-canis and discharging-rollers, showing the folding-cam armed with a sliding knife, which I prefer to use for the purpose ot' making an accurate central fold, and for forcing the tnished bag through the discharging-rollers. Fig.12 is a perspective view of the driving feed-roller for the paper in enterin g the machine, showin also a portion ofthe cutting-oit' shears, and a device for stopping the feed-rollers when the shears are cutting off. Figs. 13 and 11 show cross sections of the tube-forming cylinder, one figure showing the same expanded in position for carrying the paper round for the formation of the tube, aul the other figure showing the same contracted for the discharge by gravity of the pasted tube. Fig. 15 is a plan otA the top gearing of the tube-tbrming cylinder, showing the device for expanding and contracting the tubeforming cylinder. Fig. 16 is a plan ot' the under side of the tube-forming cylinder, showing the devices for operating the nippel-s in the said cylinder. Fig. 17 is a perspective view of the upper gearing of the tube-forming cylinder, showing the projecting pins of the plunger cross-head, which operate to set the gearing otl the tube-forming cylinder-rollers in motion. Fig. le is a perspective view ofthe clutch and cam for givingmotion, at the proper time only, to the discharging-rollers. Figs. 19 and 20 are cross-sections ofthe top ofthe machine, showing the feed-roller, the forming-cylinder, and pasting-roll in two ditt'erent stages of operation. Fig. 21 is a cross-section ofthe foldingcam for forming the bottom flaps, which carries the knife for crowding the bottom into the discharging-rollers, this figure showing the devices for giving the necessary reciprm'ating movement tothe knife. Fig. 2. shows a pl in of the bottom of the bag, and illustrates how the paste is applied, and shows also, by detached perspective views of the reverse sides of the pasting-plunger, how the pasting-rollers are disposed, so as to apply the paste propcrly.

A is the frame of the machine, and B the driving-shaft, to which the power may be applied. Upon a bracket, C, a reel, 1), is carried, upon which the paper-roll is supported, and from which the paper is drawn ott' to feed the machine. E E are a pair of feed-rollers, which carry the paper from the paper-roll into the machine to be formed and pasted. They are geared together by wheels e, and driven by gear-wheel F, which connects, by opposite pinsf, with projecting opposite pins c' upon the feed-roller E, so as to form a clutch. This clutch is elevated, so as to detach the driving feed-roller from its driving-wheel at a time when the paper is to be cut off to length for the formation of tubes. G Gr are the shears, which are similar in character and operation to a common pair of shears or scissors. They are operated by pitmen g g1 and a reciprocating rod, g2, which is raised and lowered by a cam, g3, and spring g4, and one of the arms of the shears carries the fork of the clutch-wheel F, as shown in Fig. 12, the shears being pivoted at g5 to the bracket C, in the manner shown in Fig. 1. Another pair of feed-rollers, H Hf, are located in the frame, and operated so as to carry the blank to the forming-cylinder through the medium of two other feed-rollers, I I', of small diameter, so as to deliver the edge of the paper so close to the formingcylindcr as that the nipper in it may grasp the edge at the proper time. The forming-cylinder is composed of a hollow trunk, J, with heads at top and bottom, upon the upper oll which are journaled a series of revolving rolls or spindles, whose peripheries are eccentric to the journals upon which they revolve, as clearly shown in Figs. 13, 14, 1), and 20, wherein the body of the spindle or roller is represented by the letter K and the journals by lf. The journals extend through the head on the upper side, and have titted thereon pinions k1, which gear into a crown-wheel, 7:2, common to all, in the manner clearly shown in Fig. 15. The crown-wheel is provided with guide-projections 7c3, which revolve under the shoulder l. The shoulder l is firmly supported against the frame ofthe machine by the nut l', as shown in Fig. 1. A hollow shaft, M, which carries paste to the hollow pasting-plunger, hereinafter explained, is rcciprocated vertically through the center of the forming-cylinder by connection with the cross-head N, operated by side rods a, lever nl on the same shaft with short lever a2, the small pin or of which is carried in an irregular cam-groove, n4, in wheel a5. Fins aG, projecting from cross-head N, are, in thc operation of the cross-head, arranged to enter at the proper time between the projections k and into the apertures l# in the erownwhecl so as ti stop the crown-wheel from revolving, and

thus cause the rollers or spindles, by reason of their eceeiitrieity with relation to the ljonriials, to assume, collectively, a different diameter of foriiiiiig-cyliiiderr By this incans the cylinder is expanded or contracted, so as in the first place to be ofa size suitable for the tube ot' paper to be formed upon it, and, in the second place, of the reduced diameter to permit the finished tube to fall therefrom by gravity. 'lwo of the rollers or spindles K have at their lower ends small cams k7 attached, which operate the triangular arms k of a pair of nippers, k, which close against a pair of rollers, l, in the manner shown in Figs. 19 and 20, so as to gripe the edge of the paper. The paper is carried by these iiippers, and in the rotation of the cylinder the tube is formed, as is obvious, with the fiber of the paper in the direction of the rotation, which l have proved by experience to be the strongest disposition of paper in the forniation of paper bags. 1`he cams k7 operate to open the iiippcrs at the proper time, and the springs k1" operate to close them. In connection with the formingcylinder, a hollow pasting-cylinder, O, is arranged to operate in such relation that the paste is deposited on the sile seam of the tube against the back of one of the nippers, as shown in Fig. 20, so that when the other edge of the paper is swept round it may be pressed down flat over the pasted portion by the action of the small feed-roller I. The pasting device of this cylinder consists of a long roller, o, operating in a long slot, 01, so that its surface projects beyond thc face ofthe cylinder, in the manner shown in Fig. 20. It is retained in place by a spring, 02, and as this hollow cylinder is filled with paste, and the cylinder rotated in the operation of' the niacliiiie, the small pastcroller, as it strikes the face of' thc nippei's, is caused to partially rotate, and thus carry out a fresh supply of paste for the next seam. rlhe vertical shaft p is operated by bevel-gearing upon shaft p1, which is rotated through wheel a5 by the pinion p2 of the inain shaft l. The wheel 1, on the upper end of' shaft j), operates pinion 2 on shaft 5. \Vheel et, on shaft 3, gears into and drives the large wheel 5 on the foriniiig-cyliiider, which, in turn, gears into the wheel (i on one of the feed-rollers H, which gears, through a pinion, 7, into and drives the wheel F on the feeding-cylinder ll, and a gear-wheel, 9, on the bottom end of feed-roller H, drives, through an intermediate pinion, one of the small feedrollers I, which are geared together. \Vhcel l also, through pinion 8, drives the wheel o3 on paste-cylinder 0, near q. Suspended from the frame, below the hollow trunk J, is a stationary guide, l, of rectangular shape horizon tally, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. The paper tribe, as it falls from the formiiig-cylinder by gravity, surrounds this guide, and is fed down at the proper time, bythe pressure and motion of the feeding-belts S S, against the faces of the opposing rollers r in the guide l, (see enlarged view in Fig. 1,) the beltsY being supported upon rollers s s s s, and geared together at the bottom, and operated by suitable gearing from the bevel-wlieel 10. At the upper end of the feeding-belts the rollers are laterally adjustable in slots sl, and are given a reciprocating motion laterally, so as to stop or start the feed at the proper time by means of vibrating tingers T and bell-crank lever U,operated by the cani t, on the shaft gf", which carries the cam g3. V V are two continuously-revolving canr shaped folders for operating, in connection with side flaps and pasting-plunger, to fold the bcttoin of bag. They receive the bag, in the manner shown in Fig. 4, from the spriii fingers i", attached to the stationary guide R, the fingers serving to flatten out or spread the paper flat, so as to make side folds in the tube of paper as it is fed down by the feeding-belts over the guide R. The folding-cams are jouriialed in fixed bearings, and geared together outside the frame by gear-wheels 1l and 12, (shown clearly in Fie'. 4,) and also by strong and dotted lines in Fig. 2, the wheel l1 receiving the power from wheel 13 upon shaft pf, which carries the wheel a5, and the wheel 12 communicates motion through wheel 15 on thc shaft 17, and wheel 16 to the shaft g, which operates the cams, as before described. The location of these folding-cams, at different stages of the operation of forming the bag, is clearly illustrated in the large Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11. At the ends of the folding-cams thin flanges zi are attached, which rest upon loose pulleys or idlers w on the ends of two discharging elastic rollers, W i, and give a vertical reciprocating motion to said rollers, so that the latter may operate in conjunction with the foldiiig-cains in the formation of the bottom seams and discharge ofthe bag, in the manner illustrated in the drawings, the discliarging-rollers being kept against the flanges by the action of weights X attached to cords a', which pass over small grooved pulleys r, at the ends ofthe canis V V', and are secured to the journal-boxes which carry the shafts of the rollers \V V. These dischargingrollers V \V move together, being geared together, as shown in Fig. 4, so as to revolve simultaneously, and one of' them is driven by gear-wheels 18, 19, and 20, the wheel 18 being upon the shaft 21, operated by a pinion, 22, from gearwheel 23 upon the shaft of one ofthe folding cams, which carries the wheel 12. The wheel 18 is linked, as shown in Fig. 3, to the wheel 1t), which in turn is linked to the Wheel 20upon the roller W, so that the roller'VV may rise and fall without disturbing the relation between the gear-wheels which drive it. As it is necessary that these discharging-rollers shall not revolve during` the formation of the bottoni seams of the bag, a clutch, Y, is provided, so that the wheel le may be detached from its driving-shaft at the proper times. The clutch is thrown in and ont, so as to connect ordisconnect the wheel 18 from its shaft, by the forked and pivoted lever Z and cam z on the end of shaft 1,7, the clutch moving npoii a feather on its shaft. The paper tube fed down the guide It by the belts S S' is spread by the spring-fingers 1" into a fiat tube, and seized at its lower end between the rolls W IV', which continue to revolve and to draw the tube down until oi 1l y just the required length for the formation of the satchel-bottom remains above them, when their rotation is temporarily suspended, as explained. The position of the parts at this stage is shown in Fig. 4. The side flaps of the bottom of the bag, marked a a in Figs. 5 and 22, are folded down, preparatory to the operation of the folding-cams, by the co-operating movement of the swinging side flaps or folders c c and spring-fingers fr', the former being hinged to the frame of the machine and operated in one direction by the pivoted lever d and cam d1 on shaft g, and in the opposite direction by the coiled spring d2, the latter, 1"',being operated by the movement inward of the said side flaps or folders c c, the movement of the two in conjunction from the position shown in Fig. 4 to the position shown in Fig. 5 serving to fold down these side flaps a accurately and with a sharp corner at the sides of the bag, as shown in Fig. 5. During the progress ofthe rotation of the folding-cams V V' from the p0- sition shown in Fig. 5 successively to that illustrated in Fig. 6 and that exhibited in Fig. 7, the fountain paste-plun ger m descends, spreading the partly-folded bottom upon the rolls yW W', and assisting the cams V V' to make the creases or foldsindicated by broken linesin Fig. 22. The cams V V' having folded the fiaps b against the vertical sides of the paste-plan ger m, the latter again rises above them, having during both its descent and ascent, applied. paste at the proper points, in manner hereinafter described, and, the cams continuing to revolve, first one of the fiaps, b, is folded down upon the rolls W W' by the caln V, and immev diately afterward the other, by the cam V', as seen in Figs. 9 and 10. The next operation is performed by a reciprocating knife, V", attached to the folding-cam V', which, as the cam revolves, is forced in between the two rollers lV W', so as to double up the bottom of the bag accurately for proper delivery through the said rollers in the manner shown in Fig. 1l,tl1e knife being moved, as shown in Fig. 21, by a vibratory shaft, f1, cam f2, and returnspring f3, the shaft being moved in one direction, so as to force out the knife, by its leverj"4 striking against a projectiomff, on the frame of machine, and in the opposite direction by the retraction ofthe spring, which also draws back the knife.

In the formation of the bottom seams ot the bag by the folding-cams V V' and rollers W \V', paste is applied to the open face of the parts to be folded, in the manner shown, by cross-hatched lilies in Fig. 22. This paste is applied by the fountain paste-plunger m, the bottom of which is forlned to fit against the discharging-rollers W IV', so as to assist in the formation of the folds b of the bottom, as shown in Fig. 7. It is also of sufficient width only to move in between the folding-cams V V', as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, to turn up the folds b preparatory to their bein g folded down by the cams V V', and, in the movement of' this plunger between the said cams, the small pasting-rollers ml ymQmS, which are located near the bottom of the plunger, and held in place by the springs m4, rotate slightly, and apply the paste in the manner indicated in the plan of the bottom of the bag in Fig. 22.

As before described, the plunger has a vertical reciprocating movement, and it is fed with paste through the tube M. In the operation of the rollers m1 m" m3 in applying thc paste, they are pressed in against the force of the springs, and, as they revolve in the motion of the plunger up or down, they carry out fresh paste from the fountain-plunger m. The ends of the springs may have projectingl brackets for small ends of the rollers ml mf' mi to revolve in. The journal or jouri'ial-boxes of the shafts which carry the paper-feeding rollers have springs attached so as to pull the rollers together, and thus resist the action of the gearing to force them asunder. The provision of such springs renders the feeding positive, and permits no slippage.

The paste-roller o maybe operated automatically by gearing set in motion by striking a projectionxon the frame of the machine.

The rollers W W' are necessarily of' vrubber or other elastic substance, as they serve to receive the edges of the plunger my for creasing, and deliver at times two thicknesses of paper, and at other times twelve thicknesses.

It will be seen that in the configuration of the cams V V' the sectional figure of' each is composed of two angular projections, rl 1"', and a connecting curve, lf-3, concentric to the axis ofthe cams. This configuration not only provides for the proper operation ofthe cams in folding the bottom of the bag, but enables them to revolve continuously.

I claiml. The feed-rolls E, one of which is provided with clutch-pins c', in combination with the loose and, sliding driving-wheel F, having clutch-pins f, and the shears Gr G', which are connected to, and operate in conjunction with, the shifter of' the driving-wheel F, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. The revolving tube-forming skeleton cylinder L, having a series of eccentrically-op,frating spindles, K 7l', and nippers k, by which the cylinder is expanded and contracted, and the paper blank grasped and formed into a tube, substantially in the manner and for the purpose specified.

3. In combination with the skeleton formin cylinder L, ca rying nippers K 7.', the fountain pasting-cylinder O o, connected and operating substantially in the manner and for the purpose described.

4. The combination of suspended guide R1 and feeding-belts S S' s, the latter having a movement to and from the guide, whereby the tube is fed only at positive intervals, substantially in the manner and for the purpose speri fied.

5. In combination with the feed-belts S S s, the upper rollers s of which turn in horizontall y-elon gated bearings s', vibratin g fingers T, lever V, and cam-shaft ggf, operating substantially in the manner and for the purpose specified.

6. In the described connection with the feeding-belts S S s and hollow guide R r, the springingers rf, operating to spread the tube fiat for proper delivery to the bottoming-cams and discharge-rollers after it leaves the guide It, and to assist in folding the side flaps, substantially in the manner and for the purpose specified.

7. The combination of folding-cams V V Q', elastic discharge-rollers NV IV', side folders c c, and pasting-plunger m, whereby the bottom of the sack is folded and pasted into a Satchel-bottom and delivered, the whole being connected and operating substantially in the manner described.

The folding-cams V V', the cross-section al figure of each of which presents two angular projections, ol r2, and a connecting concentric curve r3, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

9. The combination of bottom pasting-plunger M m m1 m2 m3, cross-head N, side rods u, lever nl, fixed to a shaft-carryin g lever n2, provided with a wrist-pin, or, and cam-grooved wheel nf, Connected and operating substantiall y as and for the purpose specified.

lo. ln combination with the rollers lV W', the clutch Y, lever Z, and canrshaft c 17, operating substantially in the manner and for the purpose specified.

1l. In combination with the rollers lV \V and cani V', the rcciprocatin knife V, opereratiug substantiallyv as and for the purpose specified.

l2. The forming-cylimlcr carrying the grasp ing springnippers 109 and large feed-rolls Hll, in combination with the intermediate thin feedrolls I l, substantially as and for the purpose Set forth.

13. rIhe combination of cam-collars r, rollers W VW, with idlers o4 at the ends and journaled or sliding boxes, cords and weights X, connected and operating substantially in the manner and for the purpose described.

14. The combination of side folders c c', operating in the described connection with the cams V V', lever 1, cam-shaft 96 d', and spring d, connected and operating substantially in the manner and for the purpose specified.

In testimony of which invention I hereunto set my hand.

CHARLES G. BIEDINGER.

'itnesses:

FRANK MILLwARD, J. L. WARTMANN. 

